Croquignole waver



Patented Dec. 17, 1935 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE This invention relates to croquignole wavers, and more particularly pertains to a Waver for creating the curl smaller and closer to the head, whle providing a sourcel of moisture for the hair being curled.

An object of this invention is to provide a waver comprising a clip for holding the hair in a more permanent manner, for dividing the hair into smaller strands which will make a smaller curl.

Another object of this invention is to provide a waver including a curler having a multiple of ratcheted windable parts upon which the separate strands of hair may be wound as held by the clip, and which may be tightened as a whole or in part by winding.

Another object of this invention is toy provide a Waver maintaining within itself a supply of moisture which is supplied to the hair while being heated and curled.

Another object of this invention is to provide a Waver having a source of heat within and without the curler to more efficiently vaporize the moisture provided within the curler, and to heat the hair wound upon the curler.

Another object of my invention is to provide a method of waving or curling a separated strand of hair, divided by a clip holding the separated portions, winding the separated portions upon a curler where the portions may be separately or simultaneously tensioned, where the hair may be treated from within and without, and where moisture can be supplied the hair during* said heat treatment.

With the above and other objects which may hereinafter appear, in view, the invention consists in the novel and useful provision, forma-A t'on, construction, association and interrelation of parts, members and features, all as shown in a certain embodiment in the accompanying drawing, described generally, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

The accompanying drawing (1 sheet) illustrates the invention in some of the forms I a present deem preferable.

Fig. 1 is an enlarged side view, partly insection, of the curler disclosing the absorbent packing and theratchet members.

Fig. 2 is a view takenY at 2 2 in Fig. 1 disclosing the vapor passage holes in the end of the curler.

Fig. 3 is a view taken at 3-3 Fig. 1 approximately, disclosing the arrangement of the teeth of the ratchet.

Fig. 4 is a side view taken approximately at 3--3 Fig. 1, disclosing the arrangement of the ratchet teeth.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the curler in operative position on the clip.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the clip only with the ratchet clamps open.l

Fig. 7 is an end view of the clip only.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the clip and curler taken at 8--8 in Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the clip and curler with a heater in position. 5 Fig. 10 is a side view of a modification of the curler disclosing two surfaces upon which hair may be wound.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged sectional fragmental View of a curler constructed with a hollow tube shaft 10 and discloses a heater inserted within the curler.

Fig. 12 discloses a key which may be used on the several toothed members to tighten the hair.

In dressing the hair it is desirable that a wave or curl be made from close to the scalp to the 15 extreme end of the hair. To obtain the proper wave in the hair, heat must be applied, that the solutions used may be cooked into the hair, and what is termed a permanent wave obtained. To insure the ends of the hair being supplied with the proper moisture to prevent their becoming overcooked or brittle, I have provided means for supplying additional moisture, that the hair may stay moist during the cooking.

Referring to the drawing it will be seen in Fig. 1 that I have provided a curler with a. hollow shell packed with an absorbent material, that the curler may be placed in a solution which is absorbed by the material with which it is packed and which is turned into a vapor upon the subsequent application of heat in heat-treating the hair.

The curler 2li comprises a shaft 2l which may be solid, as shown in Fig. 1, or a hollow tube 22, as shown in Fig. 11, which has at either end a .a5 bearing surface provided by the sleeves 23 and 24! which i'lt the clip, hereinafter to be described.

The axle or shaft 2i supports two hollow tapering tubelike members 25 and 2li tapering from enlarged ends towards the center, upon which the hair (not shown) is Wound. They are tensioned away from each other and toward the ends of shaft 2| by the spring 21.

The sleeves 23 and 24 have formed integral with them enlarged members 28 forming a recess 45 2Q within which is secured a pin 3l) either a. separate member or formed by punching or asan integral part of the member 28, and the recess 29 is provided also for the'purpose of housing the ratchet teeth 3l formed on the end of the mem- 50 bers 25 and 26, which turn in recess 29 and are tensioned by the recited spring 2l toward the pin 39 and the inner wall of recess 29, which ratchet teeth 3! are shown more in detail in Fig. 4, as being directly on member 25.

By means of these ratchet teeth 3l either of the members 25 and 25 may be turned independently on the shaft 2l.

The enlarged members 28 are each provided at either end exteriorly around their periphery with teeth 32, which engage a spring hereinafter to CJD Cil

be described in conjunction with the clip. They have an additional function of providing teeth upon which the key 33 shown in Fig. l2 may be placed to rotate the shaft 2| and where the point 34 of key 33 will engage with teeth 32 for tightening the hair, which rotation of shaft 2| will simultaneously rotate both members 25 and 26.

For the independent rotation of either member 25 or 26 by the same key 33, I have provided additional external teeth 35 and 36 at one end of the members 25 and 26, integral therewith, and adjoining the recited teeth 32. The members 25 and 26 lare knurled at 31 to provide a finger hold when winding the hair. The hair is to be Wound on the space between the teeth 35 or 36 and the knurling 31.

The ends of the members 25 and 26 opposite the teeth 35 and 3S are closed with the arcuate.

ring 38 which also acts as a bearing for that end on shaft 2|, and is provided with the openings 39 as shown in Fig. 1 for vapor.

The interior of the members 25 and 26 are packed with the soft absorbent spongy material 40 which is intended to be saturated with a hair dressing solution, which upon the application of heat vaporizers and passes it through the recited openings 39 and additional openings 4| in the members 25 and 26 to reach the hair wound thereon.

The sleeve 24 has a ange 42 thereon to positionit on the clip, and is secured to the shaft by pin 43, and the sleeve 23 -is secured to the shaft 2| by the pin 44.

Fig. 5 is a plan'view of the curler 20 in operative position on the clip 45. The clamps are here shown in closed position. They are shown in open position in Fig. 6.

The clip 45 comprises the body 41 preferably o'f metal, which is provided on the under side or side next to the scalp and spaced therefrom, a non-metallic plate 48 preferably of so-called petrified canvas, which also acts as a scalp protector from the heat.

The clamps 46 are pivoted at 49 to the body 41 and are provided with ratchet teeth 50, with the recessed clamping portions 5|, with the engaging members 52, preferably made of petrified canvas which press against the resilient cushions 53, preferably composed of rubber having a serrated face to prevent slipping of the hair when it is clamped between the engaging members 5U and the cushions 53. v

The clamps 4S are further provided with finger hold pieces 54, and pivot so they close into the space between the body 41 and the plates 4S.

The clamp teeth 50 are engaged bythe spring ratchet pawls which are provided with handles 56 by which their release of theteeth 56 may be manually effected. 'I'he rivets 51 and 58 are utilized as pivots and stops for the ratchet pawls 55.

Spacers 59 are provided around certain of the rivets 60 for the purpose of spacing the plate 48 from the body 41 as recited. Y

`Secured at right angles to and projecting from the body 41 are the bearing plates 6| provided for the support of the curler 2@ when it is wound with hair and assembled thereto. The bearing sleeves 23 and 24 of the curler 2Q are desiignd to be supported by the notched portions 62 of the bearing plates 6 and to preserve the tension of the hair upon the curler il and between it 'and where the hair is held by theclip 45 between the engaging members 542 and the cushions 53, I

have provided the spring 63 secured to the body 41, with the tooth 64 formed therein adapted to engage the teeth 32 of the curler 20 thereby providing tension against the teeth 32 and for the ratchets 3|.

To aid in placing the curler 20 in position on the notched bearing plates 6|, the recited iiange 42 acts as a guide. The curler 2U may be placed on the clip 45 with either end to the spring 63.

The clip is shown in end elevation in Fig. 7, where the location and shape of the bearing plate 6| and the recess 62 can be more readily discerned, also the plate 48 relative to the body 41, with the clamp 46 open.

A sectional view'of the clip 45 and the curler 28 in operative position is shown in Fig. 8 taken apprcxirnately on line S--8 in Fig. 5, 'and shows the relation of the various parts to each other;

Fig. 9 discloses the assembled clip 45 and curler 2D, and a heater 65 shown inclo'sing the parts to be heated, namely the curler Eil and the hair wound thereon; the heater 65 may be connected to an electrical circuit or source (not shown) either directly or through a distributing machine (not shown) such as is common to the trade.

The curler 2E! and the Wound-on hair may be covered with such dressings or preparations as may be desired.

In Fig. 10 is disclosed a modification of the curler 20 wherein I have provided two shells 66 independently, in a manner more efciently to make the desired curl.

Fig. ll discloses a copy of the curler 2|) shown in Fig; l, with the same several parts, but shown provided with a hollow perforated tube or screen shaft 22 which is designed to have inserted therein a heating element 68 having a handle 6B and wires or separable plug 1|)v connected to an electrical circuit or source (not shown). The rivet or pin 1| must be cut out to allow free passage to the interior of thetube 22. This method may also be applied to the curler shown in Fig. 10.

The principle of applying heat from a heater to .the interior of a curler and having a perforated member separating the packing from the heater is to vaporize more readily the solution absorbed by the packing 40 permitting the moisture to directly contact the heaterand thereby cause the heat to the curler and evenly heating the packl ing 44. The heating element 68 is readily removable and is held in place in the curler by any convenient means, such as the spring detent 12 and the annular dwell 13, or may be permanently secured by any convenient means (not shown).

It is seen from the foregoing description that I have provided new and novel apparatus in the art of hair waving and curling, and that I have provided a new and novel method in applying moisture to hair while being curled, and a new and novel method of winding hair upon a curler to be curled. I

Certain modifications may be made by one versed in the art in reducing my invention to practice in conjunction with other apparatus now in use, but such modifications may well be made without departing from the spirit of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

`I claim:

1. A hair Waving device comprising a multiple curler on one shaft, means to independently wind separate strands of hair thereon, means to simultaneously rotate said shaft and said winding means and internal self-contained means to furnish moisture to the hair.

2. A hair Waving device comprising a curler having separate winding drums, self-contained means to supply moisture from the interior of said curler, means to heat said curler internally, and connecting ducts therein.`

3. A hair Waving device comprising a curler, having independently rotatable Winding drums, a heating element for the interior of said curler, self-contained means to provide moisture internally of said curler connecting ducts and means to 'removably retain said heating element Within said curler.

4. In a hair Waving device the combination to produce hair waving, of a clip, a curler, having independently rotatable Winding drums, an eX- ternal heating element and an internal heating element, self-contained internal means to furish moisture to the hair being treated, and connecting ducts.

5. A hair Waver comprising in combination a clip holding two strands of hair by meansof two pivoted gate members operating toward each other on the same side of the clip with ratchet locking members for said gate members in the center of said clip to position the strands of hair centrally of a supported curler, members at either end of said clip to rotatably support the curler, the curler comprising two hollow shells rotatabliT mounted on one shaft for receiving Wound hair strands, and a supply of absorbent material in the shells.

6. A hair Waver comprising a multiple of hollow hair Winding shells on one shaft, said shells including tapering members to independently Wind separate strands of hair thereon, a hook, and ratchet means to simultaneously rotate said shells when the shaft is rotated by the hook.

'7. A hair Waver comprising a multiple of hollow hair Winding shells on one shaft, teeth secured to the shaft, said shells including spool-like members tapering from their ends toward their centers to independently wind the separate strands of h air thereon, a hook, and ratchet means to rotate said shells with the shaft when the shaft is rotated by the hook.

8. A hair Waver comprising a multiple of hollow rotatable Winding shells on one rotatable shaft to independently Wind separate strands of hair thereon, absorbent material in the shells, a hook, teeth on said shells to rotate each of Vsaid shells, teeth secured to the shaft, and ratchet members secured to the shaft to rotate the shaft and the shells with the shaft when the shaft is rotated by the teeth secured to the shaft and the hook.

9. A hair Waver comprising a multiple clip securing a multiple of strands of hair on the same side of the clip, curler supportingV members on said clip, a curler including a multiple of hollow hair winding shells on one shaft to independently Wind the separate strands thereon held by the clip, and on the same side thereof, absorbent material in the shells, a hook, teeth on the shells to wind each shell independently, teeth secured to the shaft to rotate the shells in one direction when the teeth secured to the shaft are operated by the hook, and a spring on the clip to permit the rotation of the shaft in one direction.

10. A hair Waver comprising a multiple of hair winding spin-dles on one hollow shaft, removable heating means insertable in the shaft, and moisture absorbent material in the spindles.

11. A hair Waver comprising a multiple of hair winding spindles on one hollow shaft, a removable heating means insertable in the shaft, and

moisture absorbent material in the spindles between the spindles and the shaft recessed to permit the passage therethrough and rotation of the shaft and its contained heater.

12. A hair Waver comprising a multiple of hair Winding spindles on one hollow shaft, perforations in the spindles and the shaft, a removable heating means in the shaft, and moisture absorbent I.

means in the spindles and surrounding the heating means to permit moisture to reach the heating means and be transformed by the heat generated in the heating means into steam.

13. A hair Waver comprising a multiple of hollow perforated hair winding spindles on one hollow shaft, perforations in said shaft, a removable heater in said shaft, a hook, teeth on said spindles to rotate either of said spindles and ratchets to rotate said spindles with the shaft When the teeth secured to the shaft are operated by the hook in conjunction with the ratchets. v

14. A hair waving apparatus comprising a multiple of perforated hair Winding spindles on one hollow shaft, and a spring on the shaft between the spindles tensioning the spindles away from cach other and into engagement with a ratchet member secured to the shaft at either end of the shaft.

l5. A hair waving Yapparatus comprising a mulshaft and resiliently engaged by teeth on an end f of the spindles and forming a ratchet, teeth secured to the shaft to be engaged by a hook for rotating the shaft and the spindies simultaneously, and teeth on each spindle engageable by a turning means to turn each spindle independently.

17. A hair Waver comprising two opposed hollow perforated frusto-conical shells rotatably mounted on one shaft for receiving Wound hair strands, a hook, and teeth secured to the shaft and operable by the hook to cause said shells to rotate with the shaft in conjunction With ratchets.

18. In combination, a clip for resiliently and releasably securing a multiple of strands of hair, members on said clip to rotatably support a curler. a rotation direction control member on said clip contacting the curler, -the curler comprising a multiple of hollow shells rotatably mounted on one shaft for receiving wound Strands of hair, a hook, teeth secured t-o the shaft to rotate the shells simultaneously with the shaft in conjunction with the hook and ratchets, and a heater adapted to enclose the curler.

FRED SOLEY. 

